Social and ecological challenges of market-oriented shrimp farming in Vietnam
Vietnam
is one of the largest shrimp exporters in the world.
Since
2010, Vietnam has earned about two billion dollars annually through shrimp
exports. As a fertile area of greatest potential for agricultural production in
Vietnam, the Mekong Delta has been a major contributor to the country's
achievements, especially in the agricultural sector.
During
recent decades, trade liberation along with various policies in support of
aquaculture has accelerated the development of shrimp production in the Delta.
Based on an ethnographic study of shrimp farming in the Mekong Delta of
Vietnam, I assert that along with great rewards arising from the expansion of
shrimp farming areas, productivity, and export value, the shrimp industry has
brought various environmental, economic and social challenges.
Consequently,
shrimp farming is a risky business and local inhabitants have relied on various
strategies to cope with these challenges.
Risk
mitigation in shrimp production and labor migration are the two important
strategies of local inhabitants for securing their livelihoods.
Water
pollution and poor quality post-larvae shrimp are direct consequences of
market-oriented production.
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